Architecture and Environment
Some of France's mosts recognizable monuments are represented in the country's religious architecture, and in particular, its cathedrals. Be it the cathedrals of northern France or the iconic Notre-Dame de Paris, France's religious architecture influenced craftsmen across Europe and beyond. Many of the country's cathedrals were constructed during the Middle Ages through the Renaissance. However, later cathedrals built outside of France were inspired by earlier precedent.
St. Michael and St. Gudula Cathedral (Brussels, Belgium)
Celebrating its 800th anniversary in 2026, St. Michael and St. Gudula cathedral in Brussels incorporates many Gothic style influences, including arches and soaring towers. The remains of the earlier Romanesque church also are visible.
Baslique Notre Dame d’Afrique (Bangui, Central African Republic)
Notre-Dame Baslica was constructed during the early 1930s. The brick building is an example of French Colonial architecture emphasizing the Romanesque-Revival style through the squat towers and limited ornamentation.
Saint Joseph's Cathedral (Hanoi, Vietnam)
Saint Joseph's is the oldest church in Hanoi. Built between 1884 and 1887, the building was constructed of brick and concrete. The Gothic-Revival style is present in the twin towers, rose window, and many arched windows.
Notre-Dame Roman Catholic Church (Montreal, Canada)
Designated in 1989 a National Historic Site of Canada, Montreal's Notre-Dame Roman Catholic Church was constructed between 1824 and 1829. The Gothic-Revival style church features massive twin towers, Gothic-Revival style arches, and a recessed portico.
Sacred Heart Cathedral (Guangzhou, China)
This cathedral was constructed between 1861 and 1888 by Chinese craftsmen. The Gothic-Revival style is represented through the twin towers with spires and the iconic stained-glass rose window.
